Stevens, J. Infect. Infected treated mice showed progressive pulmonary disease including abscesses, angioinvasion and abundant intralesional fungi. Numbers of CFU in the brains and spinal cords of ABLC- or AmBi-treated animals were 100- to 10,000-fold lower than those in the corresponding tissues of D5W-treated animals (P < 0.0006 to 0.0001). View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.01488-07, View details for Web of Science ID 000254881900063, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC2292510. A high intermittent dose regimen (group A: 10 mg kg(-1) on day 1, 5 mg kg(-1) on days 3 and 6) was compared with standard dosing (group B: 3 mg kg(-1) per day for 14 days) of liposomal amphotericin B (LAB) for empirical treatment of persistent febrile neutropenia. Santa Clara Valley Medical Centre (SCVMC), a 600-bed county teaching hospital with specialized units (e.g., for burns, rehabilitation, and pediatric care), has implemented programs that incorporate animals into the healthcare setting. MDR1 overexpression was observed infrequently in some resistant isolates. In contrast to prior reports, this study suggests that human serum acts synergistically with caspofungin to enhance its inhibitory activity in vitro against A. fumigatus. Lethal infection developed in all mice given 10-60 colony-forming units (cfu). Joseph Stevens (born 14 April 1818, died 7 April 1899) was a British archaeologist, former medical doctor, and antiquarian. Skip to section: Resume | Books | Testimonials, Psychologist, clinician, counsellor, lecturer, author, facilitator. Of the eight cases of T. beigelii endocarditis that have been reported (one herein and seven previously), six involved prosthetic heart valves and two involved native heart valves. IkappaB degradation in cytoplasmic extracts and translocation of NF-kappaB in nuclear extracts was measured by Western blot analysis. In this symposium, the most important fungal pathogens that cause infections in humans, particularly in immunocompromised patients, are considered, with emphasis on how recent experimental work may lead to a better understanding of the role of cytokines and their use in therapy. William David Thomas. Anna is an archaeologist, specialising in ancient Egypt, with research interests that include urbanism, lived religion and cultural interaction in the ancient world. Indeed, archaeology is only really delightful when transfused into some form of art." Oscar Wilde. Born Alice May Roberts on 19th May, 1973 in Bristol, England, UK and educated at Redmaids' High School, she is famous for Time Team, Coast, Dr Alice Roberts: Don`t Die Young in a career that spans 2012 > present (Professor of Public Engagement with Science at Birmingham University) and 2005 > present (author) and 2009 > present (radio) and 1997 > 1998 (junior medical doctor) and 2009 > present (Director of Anatomy for the NHS Severn Deanery School of Surgery) and [????] Chiller, T., Farrokhshad, K., Brummer, E., Stevens, D. A. Increased levels of transcripts corresponding to IL-1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and iNOS were detected as early as day 1 postinfection, with TNF-alpha rising by approximately 30-fold and iNOS increasing by approximately 5-fold by day 7. Patients were refractory to previous therapy (including amphotericin B with or without an azole) for a median duration of 306 days. For two of three patients, all three with two episodes of S. cerevisiae vaginitis, different strains were isolated during the recurrence of this disease. Mice were treated with liposomal-amphotericin B (AmBi; AmBisome), lipid-complexed amphotericin B (ABLC; Abelcet), voriconazole (VCZ), micafungin (MICA), caspofungin (CAS) or deoxycholate amphotericin B (AMBd) given alone or in combination. View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01649.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000270589000004. Our results suggest this estrogen insensitivity may have broad-ranging effects on processes other than gametogenesis, including vaginal susceptibility to candidiasis. Additional studies are warranted. These studies suggest GM-CSF treatment prior to and concurrent with steroid immunosuppression may ameliorate the steroid effect on tissue macrophage antifungal activity, but does not affect steroid suppression of T-cell immunity. Infected animals were treated with CAS at various dosages (0.01 to 20 mg/kg) and CFU remaining in the kidneys determined. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed an endobronchial mass obstructing the left mainstem bronchus. CD-1 outbred mice were markedly resistant, with day 6 cfu levels showing a 74- to 87-fold decrease with respect to day 1 levels, whereas other outbred strains (CF-1, SW, ICR) were susceptible. The importance of C5 was confirmed by studies using B10.D2/oSnJ (C5-) mice and their congenic C5+ counterparts. 1,398 Followers, 664 Following, 206 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from DAVID STEVENS | Photographer (@davidstevens.photo) The workshops that David Stevens has run for us on three PFI Hospitals projects have on each occasion proved to be an essential catalyst for identifying the critical issues, slaughtering the sacred cows and improving the value for money of the project whilst improving the overall effectiveness of the team., Dr Richard Baldwin, Managing Director, Special Projects, Alfred McAlpine, UK, As an international organisation involved in the corporate area we have seen the highly successful application of Dr Stevens Big Project techniques on a wide range of small and medium sized businesses. Steinbach, W. J., Stevens, D. A., Denning, D. W., Moss, R. B. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in cystic fibrosis - State of the art: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Consensus Conference. Perhaps the greatest contribution has been the development of well-tolerated oral drugs that make possible prolonged courses of a conveniently administered agent, and perhaps the most impressive advance has been the utility of the agents in coccidioidal meningitis, at least as an adjunct to the polyenes. View details for Web of Science ID A1994PX25900046. In addition, the use of new drugs in the therapy of a parasitic infection, trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease), is being studied in vitro and in mice. In previous studies on the colony phenotype switching of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we observed that the least virulent isolates formed greater numbers of petite colonies when grown at body temperature, 37 degrees C. To determine if there is a link between virulence and petite formation, we examined the frequency of spontaneous petite formation for virulent clinical isolates (YJM128, YJM309), an intermediate virulent segregant of YJM128 (YJM145) and avirulent clinical (YJM308) and nonclinical S. cerevisiae (Y55, YJM237) after growth at 37 degrees C. The rank order of increasing frequency of petite formation was YJM128 = YJM145 < YJM309 < Y 55 < YJM308 = YJM237, which is similar to the rank-order of virulence in CD-1 mice. Fungal infections are increasing, with a changing landscape of pathogens and emergence of new groups at risk for invasive disease. Reports suggest Prince Charles will live "in a flat above the shop" when he becomes king. In the present study, a collection of unmatched clinical isolates of C. albicans was analyzed for the known molecular mechanisms of resistance by standard methods. Given the greater than 90% lethality of clinical central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis despite current therapies, there is a need for an animal model to study therapeutic strategies. This study also provides unique methodology for immunology studies in a rabbit model. ; Gabriele Sass, Ph.D.; Marife Martinez, B.S.1; Hasan Nazik, M. D.; Paulami Chatterjee, B.S.2Research interests: Dr. Stevens' group studies the biology, pathogenesis, immunology, epidemiology and therapy of fungal and parasitic infections. In addition, we discuss the value of population genetic and phylogenetic analyses as a foundation for disease surveillance, understanding pathogen evolution, and discerning phenotypic differences between phylogenetic species. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.cyto.2007.07.001, View details for Web of Science ID 000251151000002. Patients presenting with paraplegia had a poor outcome. VCZ at 0.01 and 0.05 microg ml(-1) alone resulted in 48% inhibition and 19% killing (n = 6). The archaeologist, professor and author of 22 books, Starbuck unearthed artifacts at forts and battlefields in New York and Shaker villages in New Hampshire. In 24 medical centers, we examined the impact of a culture positive for Aspergillus species on the diagnosis, risk factors, management, and outcome associated with these diseases. AMB alone and MICA + AMB or MICA +NIK significantly prolonged survival (P < 0.05 - 0.02) over that of the controls. The possible adverse effects of chronic, high-dose fluconazole therapy are detailed from analysis of a multicenter, dose-escalating study of the therapy of invasive mycoses. The rate of defervescence was similar for each regimen (P=0.75). Here, we investigated the hyphal proteomes of Aspergillus fumigatus and Coccidioides posadasii via quantitative MS(E) mass spectrometry with the objective of developing a vaccine that cross-protects against these and other species of fungi. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.01538-08, View details for Web of Science ID 000265528700019, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC2681538. Research Group, California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose; Div. My daughter is now nearly four, and I also have a nine-month-old son. During the past several decades, there has been a steady increase in the frequency of opportunistic invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in immunocompromised patients. TLRs are important in the defense against fungal pathogens. View details for Web of Science ID 000071515100041. View details for DOI 10.3109/13693780903008821, View details for Web of Science ID 000274879300003. The use of AmBi with CAS or VCZ at optimal doses did not improve efficacy. Taken together, the results suggested that HKY vaccination induces significant and specific Th1 type cellular immune responses and antibodies to glucan and mannan. The addition of caspofungin at 0.1 microg/ml and 0.05 microg/ml to the monocyte cultures increased antifungal activity. In the academic year 2022/23 I will be teaching Dynamical Oceanography. In cryptococcosis, pronase treatment of serum has reduced false positives and false negatives, and improved reproducibility of titres. Recent studies have examined ways to ameliorate the well-known toxicities of amphotericin B. Most cases were caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. G-CSF and GM-CSF plus PMN resulted in 47% and 46% killing, respectively; GM-CSF plus monocytes or MDM resulted in 31% or 22% killing, respectively. Alicia Stevens. Ribotyping patterns using the restriction enzymes MaeI and HaeIII could distinguish all species of Saccharomyces from each other, as well as from Candida glabrata, Candida albicans, and Blastomyces dermatitidis. Gastrointestinal and endocrinologic toxicity were dose related and increased at doses greater than 800 mg. With anti-1,3-beta-glucan antibody, we showed by IFA assay that B. dermatitidis contained 1,3-beta-glucan. Mammalian estradiol influence on Paracoccidioides pathogenesis was investigated by focusing on the block of morphogenetic transformation, the role of the fungal estradiol-binding protein, and production of estrogenic ligands by the fungus. Overall, petites were significantly less virulent than the parental strains. View details for Web of Science ID A1988Q160000035, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC266826. > present (Member of the Advisory Board of the Cheltenham Festival of Science), [????] During a three-year period, M. pachydermatis was also recovered from fungal cultures of an additional 30 patients, 85% of whom were infants. Res Publica: A journal of social and political philosophy. Outside of work, I enjoy Kayaking, walking and going out for coffee and seeing films. Genetic analysis of the isolates forming viable spores showed that most group A isolates were diploid and members of the species S. cerevisiae. Of 35 speciated isolates, 22 were H. stevensii, 10 H. johnsoniae, and 3 H. hamiltonii. Clemons, K. V., Schar, G., Stover, E. P., Feldman, D., Stevens, D. A. Cellular DNA, isolated after the lysis of protoplasts, was amplified by PCR using ITS1 and ITS4 primers, purified by liquid chromatography, and digested with restriction endonucleases. The interaction between inhibitors of components of the fungal cell wall, glucan and chitin, was studied in vitro with the respective synthase enzyme inhibitors LY 303366 and nikkomycin Z. Immunosuppressed mice were infected intracerebrally with Aspergillus fumigatus and treated with an amphotericin B preparation, an echinocandin, or voriconazole (VCZ) given alone or in combination. Current pharmacotherapy of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. 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